grape: [13] Not surprisingly, given the northerliness of the British Isles, English does not have its own native word for ‘grape’. In Old English it was was called wīnberige, literally ‘wineberry’, and the Old French word grape which Middle English borrowed as grape meant ‘bunch of grapes’, not ‘grape’. It was probably a derivative of the verb graper ‘gather grapes’, which itself was based on the noun grape ‘hook’ (a relative of English cramp, crampon, and grapnel [14]).
The underlying notion is of a bunch of grapes being gathered with a sort of pruning hook. (The use of a word that originally meant ‘bunch’ for ‘grape’ is in fact fairly common: Czech hrozen, Romanian stugure, German traube, and Lithuanian keke all follow the same pattern, as does French raisin, source of English raisin.) => cramp, crampon, grapnel
grape (n.)
mid-13c., "a grape, a berry of the vine," also collective singular, from Old French grape "bunch of grapes, grape" (12c.), probably a back-formation from graper "steal; grasp; catch with a hook; pick (grapes)," from a Frankish or other Germanic word, from Proto-Germanic *krappon "hook," from a group of Germanic words meaning "bent, crooked, hooked" (cognates: Middle Dutch crappe, Old High German krapfo "hook;" also see cramp (n.2)). The original notion thus perhaps was "vine hook for grape-picking." The vine is not native to England. The word replaced Old English winberige "wine berry." Spanish grapa, Italian grappa also are from Germanic.
实用例句
1. He put a grape into his mouth and swallowed it whole.
他把一粒葡萄放入嘴里,整个吞了下去.
来自《简明英汉词典》
2. Grape vines overarched the garden path.
葡萄藤在花园小路上方形成了拱形.
来自《简明英汉词典》
3. The grape vine climbed up along the wall.
葡萄藤沿墙攀缘而上.
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
4. The colouring pigments from the skins are not allowed to bleed into the grape juice.
外皮上的色素不能渗到葡萄汁里面去。
来自柯林斯例句
5. He plucked a purple grape from the bunch and popped it in his mouth.
